Description:

Revolutionary War
Broad River, SC, December 24, 1775
Request for Payment for Expedition Against Loyalists in South Carolina during "Snow Campaign"
ADS
[REVOLUTIONARY WAR.] William Snow and Edward Plowden, Autograph Document Signed, Payment Request, to Council of Safety, December 24, 1775, Broad River, [South Carolina]. 1 p., 5.875" x 7.5". General toning and edge chipping; soiling on folds.

Captains William Snow and Edward Plowden of the Craven County Regiment of Militia signed this request to the Council of Safety for payment for an expedition against Loyalists. The regiment was formed in February 1775 under the command of Colonel Job Rothmahler. In November 1775, the regiment was divided into the Upper Craven County Regiment under Colonel George Hicks and the Lower Craven County Regiment under Col. Job Rothmahler. Craven County no longer exists but its lands lie in parts of Berkeley, Charleston, Georgetown, and Williamsburg counties.

Colonel Jonas Beard had directed the expedition of eleven men to go after the Loyalists in response to a command from Colonel Richards. Snow and Plowden asked that the sum of £4 be paid to Thomas Kennerly.

Complete Transcript
Broad River Decr 24: 1775
For Expencey of Eleven Men & Horses on A Scout After the Toreys by Command of Colln Richards[on] Orders by derection of M Jonas Beard, on the Colloney Servis
Gentlemen, Please to pay the Bearer Mr Thos Kennerley the Sum of four pounds Currency & you will oblidge Your Humbe Sert
William Snow
Edward Plowden
To the Councell of Safety

Collon Rothmalar Rigment

[verso:] Thomas Kennerly

Historical Background
At the beginning of the Revolutionary War, the free population of South Carolina was divided in its reaction. While many English coastal residents favored the Patriot cause, many German and Scottish settlers in the backcountry opposed it. By August 1775, both sides had raised militia forces. The Patriot Council of Safety sent representatives to Ninety Six to rally Patriot support and suppress Loyalist activities in the backcountry. On September 15, the Patriots seized Fort Johnson overlooking Charleston harbor, and Governor William Campbell fled to a Royal Navy ship, leaving the Council of Safety in control of Charleston.

On November 8, the Council of Safety voted to send Colonel Richard Richardson (1704-1780), the commander of the Camden militia to arrest opposition forces. He gathered additional Patriot militia as he marched from Charleston into the backcountry, eventually assembling a force of between 4,000 and 5,000. In mid-November, Loyalist forces surrounded an encampment of Patriots near Ninety-Six. After a siege of several days and some skirmishing, negotiations allowed the Patriots to leave their encampment, and both sides withdrew. On December 22, Richardson's forces attacked a Loyalist camp, killed five or six Loyalists, and took some 136 prisoners. The expedition became known as the "Snow Campaign" because of heavy snowfall in its later stages, as the Patriot forces made their way back toward the coast.

William Snow (d. 1802) served as a captain in the militia in South Carolina at the beginning of the Revolutionary War.

Edward Plowden (1744-1819) was born in South Carolina. In 1772, he married Susannah Nelson (1746-1816), and they had at least nine children. By the 1770s, he lived in the Georgetown District. He served as a captain in the militia in South Carolina at the beginning of the Revolutionary War and participated in the Battle of Fort Moultrie in June 1776, the first decisive victory for the Patriots in South Carolina.

Job Rothmahler (1740-1800) was born in South Carolina. He commanded the Craven County Regiment of Militia and then the Lower Craven County Regiment of Militia from February 1775 to March 1776.

Jonas Beard (ca. 1730-1796) was born in France and emigrated to Pennsylvania around 1738. He served as a member of the Provincial Congress in South Carolina in January 1775. During the war, he was a colonel of the militia. In August 1780, he was arrested in Charleston and sent to prison in St. Augustine, Florida. After the war, he was a planter along the Saluda River, a justice of the peace, and a judge of the court of general sessions. He also represented the Orangeburgh district in the state general assembly.

This item comes with a Certificate from John Reznikoff, a premier authenticator for both major 3rd party authentication services, PSA and JSA (James Spence Authentications), as well as numerous auction houses.

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  • Dimensions: 5.875" x 7.5"
  • Medium: ADS

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